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Biography of Halifax, 1st Earl of
Name: Halifax, 1st Earl of
Birth Date: April 16, 1881
Death Date: December 23, 1959
Place of Birth: Exeter, Devonshire, England
Nationality: English
Gender: Male
Occupations: politician, ambassador, viceroy
Halifax, 1st Earl of
The English statesman Edward Frederick Lindley Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax (1881-1959), was viceroy of India from 1926 to 1931. He later served as foreign secretary and as ambassador to the United States during World War II.Edward Frederick Lindley Wood, the fourth son of the 2d Viscount Halifax, was born on April 16, 1881, in Powderham Castle near Exeter, Devonshire. He enjoyed an aristocratic childhood, although it was punctuated by tragedy. Like his father, who was president of the English Church Union for 51 years, he was a deeply religious person and developed a stoic ability to rise above personal tragedies. He was educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford; in 1906 he became a fellow of All Souls College, Oxford.In 1909 Wood married Lady Dorothy Onslow, and the following year he entered Parliament as a Conservative member for Ripon, Yorkshire. His political advancement was steady but not spectacular. After serving (1915-1917) with the Yorkshire Dragoons in …showed first 150 words…
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…showed last 150 words…the Order of the Garter; in 1944 he was created an earl. He died on Dec. 23, 1959, after a short illness. Further Reading Lord Halifax's own recollections, Fullness of Days (1957), should be read in conjunction with his Speeches on Foreign Policy (1940) and The American Speeches of the Earl of Halifax (1947). The Earl of Birkenhead, Halifax: The Life of Lord Halifax (1965), is the best full-length biography. Alan Campbell Johnson, Viscount Halifax (1941), gives a satisfactory contemporary account of his life. For a perceptive appraisal of his work in India see Percival Spear, India: A Modern History (1961). These works refer to aspects of his later career: Sir Winston Churchill, The Gathering Storm (1948); Cordell Hull, The Memoirs of Cordell Hull (2 vols., 1948); John W. Wheeler-Bennett, King George VI (1958); Martin Gilbert and Richard Gott, The Appeasers (1963; 2d ed. 1967); and Sir Anthony Eden, The Reckoning (1965).Roberts, Andrew, The Holy Fox: a biography of Lord Halifax, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1991.
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